Algorithmic Reinforcement

Black Memes Matter: #LivingWhileBlack with Becky and Karen

Williams analyzes how memes like #LivingWhileBlack, BBQ Becky, and Karen operate as cultural critique in digital spaces, exposing and resisting White surveillance and racial dominance while providing Black communities with tools for expression and agency. She argues that these memes do more than humorously depict everyday racism—they disrupt dominant narratives and highlight systemic racial inequalities online and offline.

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The Psychology of the Internet

Patricia Wallace’s The Psychology of the Internet provides a comprehensive research‑based overview of how online environments shape human behavior, emotions, and social interaction across contexts such as impression formation, group dynamics, aggression, attraction, altruism, privacy, gaming, development, and gender. The book integrates classic and contemporary psychological research to explain why people behave differently online and how those behaviors both reflect and inform social life on the Internet.

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The Filter Bubble: What the internet is hiding from you

Eli Pariser’s The Filter Bubble argues that personalization algorithms on platforms like Google and Facebook selectively curate what we see online based on our data, creating “filter bubbles” that limit exposure to diverse information and reinforce existing beliefs. This invisible tailoring of content shapes individual worldviews, can foster intellectual isolation, and has broader implications for society, democracy, and public discourse.

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Custodians of the Internet

Custodians of the Internet examines how major social platforms decide what content stays up and what gets removed, revealing that moderation is shaped by opaque policies, economic priorities, cultural norms, and political pressures. The author highlights that these hidden choices, often made by a combination of algorithms and laborers behind the scenes, have profound effects on free expression, public discourse, and social norms.

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The Law of Group Polarization

Sunstein explores how deliberation among like-minded individuals tends to amplify their preexisting views, a phenomenon he terms group polarization. He proposes that this effect is not just a quirk of psychology but a reliable pattern with implications for law, politics, and public discourse.

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On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? 🦜

Bender and colleagues critique the trend toward larger and larger large language models (LLMs), arguing that scaling up these models amplifies serious harms—environmental, ethical, and social—without solving core problems of linguistic understanding or accountability. They call for more responsible research practices, including careful dataset curation, evaluation of societal impact, AI Ethics, and consideration of alternatives to ever‑larger models.

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Emotional consequences and attention rewards: the social effects of ratings on Reddit

Davis and Graham analyze how binary rating features (upvotes/downvotes) on Reddit influence users’ emotional expression and engagement, finding that upvotes tend to predict positive sentiment while downvotes predict negative emotion, yet downvoted content often generates higher engagement. The study frames ratings as affordances that function as symbolic markers of community norms, impacting both affect and attention patterns.

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Social Media and the Struggle for Society

Baym argues that social media are not a neutral social good but part of a socio‑technical and economic system in which communication practices are commodified, with platforms harvesting social interaction as data for profit. She critiques how the term “social media” obscures issues of ownership, power, and inequality, and calls for approaches to media that support societal well‑being rather than monetizing users’ sociality.

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Twitter and Teargas: The Power and Fragility of Networked Protest

Twitter and Tear Gas analyzes how digital technologies and social media have transformed protest movements, giving activists unprecedented ability to mobilize large numbers quickly while also exposing critical weaknesses in sustaining long‑term organization and strategy. Tufekci argues that networked online movements possess powerful strengths but are fragile in the face of institutional counter‑measures and lack the deeper capacities of traditional movements.

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